Reporters Without Borders (RSF) has released its annual report on global press freedom, highlighting a troubling decline in the media landscape across Europe, despite the region being recognized as the safest for journalists worldwide. The findings underscore the urgent need for action to safeguard independent journalism in the face of rising threats.
"Today, Donald Trump poses as significant a threat to the media in Europe as Vladimir Putin," remarked Pavol Szalai, head of the EU-Balkans office at RSF. This alarming statement reflects the increased challenges that European newsrooms, particularly independent ones, are facing due to funding cuts from major donors and the withdrawal of American aid, which has exacerbated the influence of Russian propaganda.
Norway, Estonia, and the Netherlands rank highest in press freedom, while Greece, Serbia, and Kosovo occupy the lowest positions, landing at 89th, 96th, and 99th, respectively, out of 180 countries evaluated. Within the European Union, Greece ranks last, a situation attributed to systemic issues surrounding journalist safety.
"In Greece, the stifling of press freedom is evident, exacerbated by the impunity surrounding crimes against journalists," Szalai explained, referencing the unsolved murder of journalist Giorgos Karaïvaz in 2021 and the subsequent acquittal of the accused. He noted that Greece has also seen the highest surveillance of journalists within the EU, with over ten media professionals targeted by Predator spyware in a scandal now known as Predatorgate.
Hungary, while criticized for its attacks on the rule of law, ranks higher than Greece at 68th place, as journalists there are not subjected to killings or imprisonment. However, Szalai pointed out that Prime Minister Viktor Orbán employs alternative methods to control media narratives, with 80% of the media under the influence of his associates.
Despite Europe’s status as the safest region for journalists, RSF warns of a continuing decline in press freedom. "The EU must remain vigilant," Szalai cautioned. "Press freedom has deteriorated further in Europe."
The European Act on Freedom of the Media, enacted last year, offers a legislative framework to protect journalists, enhance newsroom independence, safeguard sources, and ensure transparency in media ownership. However, Szalai emphasized that the application of these regulations varies across member states.
RSF urges European governments to implement supportive measures for the media, including innovative funding models and tax incentives. Furthermore, the organization calls on digital platforms to prioritize and promote credible media sources, criticizing the current trend of these platforms favoring rumors and propaganda over reliable information.
"Member states must step up to fill the void left by the United States' political and financial withdrawal from supporting media," Szalai concluded.
